NOTES

Not only navigating through the directories but we should also know how to create , move , copy and rename the files

Here are the commands for that :

Commands

!touch.png

!mkdir.png

• TREE
  TREE commands show the clear structure of the directories in tree diagram .
  we can append -t to the tree to list the files in order of modified by the last time and -r to get the output in reverse order

!treeee.png

• Whole thing on HTB

  Working with Files and Directories

  The main difference between working with files in Linux and Windows
  is the way we can access the files. For example, we usually have to open
  Explorer to find and edit files in Windows. In Linux, on the other
  hand, we have a terminal where we can access and edit files using
  commands. Moreover, we can even edit the files interactively without
  using an editor, such as
  vim or nano.

  The terminal in Linux is a more efficient and faster tool because you
  can access the files directly with a few commands and edit and modify
  them selectively with regular expressions (
  regex). You can
  also run several commands simultaneously and redirect the output to a
  file. This saves time and is very handy when we want to edit many files
  at once.

  Create, Move, and Copy

  Next, let us work with files and directories and learn how to create,
  rename, move, copy, and delete. First, let us create an empty file and a
  directory. We can use
  touch to create an empty file and mkdir to create a directory.

  The syntax for this is the following:

  Syntax - touch

  satvik@htb[/htb]$ touch <name>
  

  Syntax - mkdir

  satvik@htb[/htb]$ mkdir <name>
  

  In this example, we name the file info.txt and the directory Storage. To create these, we follow the commands and their syntax shown above.

  Create an Empty File

  satvik@htb[/htb]$ touch info.txt
  

  Create a Directory

  satvik@htb[/htb]$ mkdir Storage
  

  We may want to have specific directories in the directory, and it
  would be very time-consuming to create this command for every single
  directory. The command
  mkdir has an option marked -p to add parent directories.

  satvik@htb[/htb]$ mkdir -p Storage/local/user/documents
  

  We can look at the whole structure after creating the parent directories with the tool tree.

  satvik@htb[/htb]$ tree ..
  ├── info.txt
  └── Storage
      └── local
          └── user
              └── documents
  
  4 directories, 1 file
  

  We can also create files directly in the directories by specifying
  the path where the file should be stored. The trick is to use the single
  dot (
  .) to tell the system that we want to start from the
  current directory. So the command for creating another empty file looks
  like this:

  Create userinfo.txt

  satvik@htb[/htb]$ touch ./Storage/local/user/userinfo.txt
  

  satvik@htb[/htb]$ tree ..
  ├── info.txt
  └── Storage
      └── local
          └── user
              ├── documents
              └── userinfo.txt
  
  4 directories, 2 files
  

  With the command mv, we can move and also rename files and directories. The syntax for this looks like this:

  Syntax - mv

  satvik@htb[/htb]$ mv <file/directory> <renamed file/directory>
  

  First, let us rename the file info.txt to information.txt and then move it to the directory Storage.

  Rename File

  satvik@htb[/htb]$ mv info.txt information.txt
  

  Now let us create a file named readme.txt in the current directory and then copy the files information.txt and readme.txt into the Storage/ directory.

  Create readme.txt

  satvik@htb[/htb]$ touch readme.txt
  

  Move Files to Specific Directory

  satvik@htb[/htb]$ mv information.txt readme.txt Storage/
  

  satvik@htb[/htb]$ tree ..
  └── Storage
      ├── information.txt
      ├── local
      │   └── user
      │       ├── documents
      │       └── userinfo.txt
      └── readme.txt
  
  4 directories, 3 files
  

  Let us assume we want to have the readme.txt in the local/ directory. Then we can copy them there with the paths specified.

  Copy readme.txt

  satvik@htb[/htb]$ cp Storage/readme.txt Storage/local/
  

  Now we can check if the file is thereby using the tool tree again.

  satvik@htb[/htb]$ tree ..
  └── Storage
      ├── information.txt
      ├── local
      │   ├── readme.txt
      │   └── user
      │       ├── documents
      │       └── userinfo.txt
      └── readme.txt
  
  4 directories, 4 files
  

  There are also many other ways to work with files using redirects or
  text editors, which we will see and discuss later in other sections.

  Optional Exercise:

  Use the tools we already know to find out how to delete files and directories